Defibrillator

The Defibrillator
The defibrillator is a life-saving medical device used to restore the heart’s electrical activity in cases of sudden cardiac arrest (SCA). The device aids in the restoration of heart function through an electric shock.

 
Importance
Sudden cardiac arrest is one of the leading causes of death worldwide. The assistance provided in the first few minutes is crucial: the chance of successful resuscitation decreases by 7–10% per minute without defibrillation. Semi-automatic (AED) or automatic defibrillators available in public places, institutions, or workplaces significantly increase the chances of survival.

 
Types
• Automated External Defibrillator (AED): A user-friendly device that can be safely used by laypersons. It provides audio and visual instructions to assist in its use.
• Semi-Automatic Defibrillator: Analyzes the heart rhythm, provides audio and visual instructions, but the user must initiate the shock.
• Manual Defibrillator: A device used by healthcare professionals that offers advanced settings.
• Implantable Cardioverter Defibrillator (ICD): A surgically implanted device that automatically detects and corrects life-threatening heart rhythm disorders.

 
Operating Principle
The defibrillator detects the ventricular fibrillation (arrhythmia) underlying sudden cardiac arrest and recommends delivering an electric shock, which is likely to help restore normal heart function.
Usage (in the case of AED)
1. Power On: Audio instructions are activated.
2. Electrode Placement: The electrode pads should be placed on the patient’s chest according to the illustrated guide.
3. Rhythm Analysis: The device automatically analyzes the heart rhythm.
4. Shock Delivery (if necessary): The device delivers the shock automatically or by the user pressing a button.
5. Continue Resuscitation: If the delivered shock was ineffective, the AED instructs the user to continue resuscitation.